How to train an off-the-shelf image segmentation model to respond to user feedback — Image segmentation is a popular topic in machine learning, with many practical applications. Vision models can be trained to partition images based on some criteria, usually following the contour of a familiar type of object. When the model can not only segment an image, but also distinguish between different types…

Feature selection for scikit-learn models, for datasets with many features, using quantum processing — Feature selection is a vast topic in machine learning. When done correctly, it can help reduce overfitting, increase interpretability, reduce the computational burden, etc. Numerous techniques are used to perform feature selection. …

How to solve an optimization problem using quantum computing, compared to a traditional solution — There are many problems that require finding the maximum or minimum of a function, called the objective function, that depends on several (or many) variables; certain constraints may or may not need to be applied to the variables. The variables could be binary, integer, elements in sets, floating point, etc…

Let’s say your infrastructure is a fleet of M identical machines, each processing a single task at a time. Each new customer is placed in a queue waiting for a machine to become idle. You know how long each processing task takes to complete, but it’s not a fixed number…

Visualize periodic components using the Fourier transform. — You’re working with timeseries data, and you’re at the initial discovery stage. You’re trying to figure out all the different ways that the data varies in time. There may be trends, whereby the data is constantly increasing or decreasing in time. There may be completely random variations. …

How do neural networks really work? I will show you a complete example, written from scratch in Python, with all the math you need to completely understand the process. I will explain everything in plain English as well. You could just follow along, read just the text and still get…

You have a data sample. From it, you want to calculate a confidence interval for the population mean value. What’s the first thing you think about? It’s usually a t-test. But the t-test has several requirements, one of which is that the sampling distribution of the mean is nearly normal…

As of right now (December 2020), the leading mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 are made by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna. Their efficacy is estimated to be most likely around 94% … 95%. — But how was that number calculated? Turns out, the basic value is pretty easy. I’ll show you how to do that, and then I will make an estimate for how confident we are that the value is right. Randomized trials To test a vaccine, you need to do a randomized blind trial…

This is part 2 of this article: Test results are positive. What are the odds you have the virus? Surprise, intuition is wrong! Bayes’s Theorem from statistics applied to pandemicsflorin-andrei.medium.com To recap: there’s a pandemic going on, 1% of people have the virus. There’s a test that can detect the virus, and the test is 99% reliable (for both positive and negative results). But this time, when you take the test, the result…